Raphael Levi Hannover (1685-1779) is a figure little known today to any but a handful of Jewish historians of the early modern period. He may have been, however, the first real Jewish Copernican—a true adherent of the heliocentric worldview at the center of the Scientific Revolution. In 1756 Hannover's student, Moses Yekutiel of Tiktin, published his notes on Hannover's lectures concerning astronomy, which include passages about Hannover's adoption of Copernicanism. The Katz Center at the University of Pennsylvania possesses a manuscript, possibly in Hannover's own hand, with the year "1737" stamped on its cover, with a significantly different version of Hannover's astronomical work. Among its other features is a series of illustrations showing the earlier Ptolemaic system with the earth at the center directly across from an illustration of the modern Copernican system with the sun at the center.